Water Distribution Networks

Fire flow analysis determines whether a water distribution system can deliver adequate flow and pressure for firefighting at any location. It involves simulating fire hydrant flows while maintaining minimum pressures throughout the network. This analysis is required for new developments and helps identify weak points in existing systems that need reinforcement.

Pump scheduling optimizes when and how pumps operate to minimize energy consumption while meeting demand. By running pumps during off-peak electricity hours, utilizing storage tanks efficiently, and avoiding unnecessary pump cycling, utilities can reduce energy costs by 15-30%. Our models identify optimal pump schedules for your specific system.

Low pressure can result from undersized pipes, high elevation differences, excessive demand, closed valves, pipe scaling/corrosion, or pump issues. Our network models identify the root cause by simulating various scenarios and help design cost-effective solutions like pipe upgrades, pressure boosting, or demand management.

Water age is the time water spends in the distribution system from treatment to the tap. High water age leads to chlorine decay, disinfection byproduct formation, and water quality issues. Our models calculate water age throughout the network and help design operational strategies to reduce stagnation and maintain water quality.

Water hammer occurs when flow is suddenly stopped (e.g., valve closure, pump trip), causing pressure waves that can damage pipes. We use transient analysis software to simulate these pressure surges and design protection measures like surge tanks, air valves, and slow-closing valves to prevent pipe bursts and equipment damage.

DMAs divide a distribution network into smaller, monitored zones to detect leaks through flow balance analysis. Our models help design optimal DMA boundaries, select meter locations, and analyze hydraulic impacts. Well-designed DMAs can reduce non-revenue water by 20-40% through improved leak detection and pressure management.

We combine hydraulic modeling with pipe condition data (age, material, break history) to prioritize rehabilitation. Models identify critical pipes where failure would cause significant service disruption or low pressure. This risk-based approach helps utilities allocate limited rehabilitation budgets for maximum benefit.

Pressure management involves controlling pressures in distribution networks to reduce leakage, pipe bursts, and energy consumption while maintaining adequate service. We model pressure zones and PRV (pressure reducing valve) installations to optimize system pressures. Reducing excess pressure typically reduces leakage by 1-1.5% per 1% pressure reduction.

Network models simulate emergency scenarios like main breaks, contamination events, or power outages to develop response plans. We identify isolation valve operations, alternative supply routes, and critical customers. Simulation results help train operators and ensure rapid, effective response when emergencies occur.